A cassock is a long, close-fitting garment traditionally worn by Catholic clergy and some lay ministers. It is one of the most recognizable pieces of clerical attire in the Catholic Church.
Key Features of a Cassock
1. Length and Fit
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Extends from the shoulders to the ankles.
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Fitted through the torso with a buttoned front.
2. Buttons
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Traditionally features 33 buttons, symbolizing the 33 years of Christ’s earthly life.
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Some styles use concealed buttons or snaps under a decorative placket.
3. Colors and Meanings
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Black: Worn by priests and most clerics; symbolizes simplicity and service.
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Black with purple piping and sash: Worn by monsignors.
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Black with red piping or entirely purple: Some bishops’ styles.
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Scarlet red: Worn by cardinals; symbolizes their readiness to defend the faith even to the shedding of blood.
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White: Worn by the Pope.
4. Accessories
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Cincture/sash: Often tied around the waist; color matches clerical rank.
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Roman collar: May be worn with or over the cassock.
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Capelet (pellegrina): Optional shoulder cape often seen with bishops and the Pope.
5. Use in the Church
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Worn during liturgical functions, in formal events, or as a regular clerical uniform in some regions.
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Not always required for Mass but is traditional for many ceremonies and official duties.
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